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The Case of the Anti-Soviet "Bloc of Rights and Trotskyites", also known as the Trial of the Twenty-One, was the last of the three public Moscow Trials, show trials charging prominent Bolsheviks with espionage and treason. The Trial of the Twenty-One took place in Moscow in March 1938, towards the end of the Soviet Great Purge. ==The Charges== The third show trial, in March 1938, known as ''The Trial of the Twenty-One'', is the most famous of the Soviet Union show trials because of persons involved and the scope of charges, which tied together all loose threads from earlier show trials. It included 21 defendants alleged to belong to the so-called "Bloc of Rightists and Trotskyites": #Nikolai Bukharin - Marxist theoretician, former head of the Communist International and member of the Politburo #Alexei Rykov - former premier and member of the Politburo #Nikolai Krestinsky - former member of the Politburo and ambassador to Germany #Christian Rakovsky - former ambassador to Great Britain and France #Genrikh Yagoda - former head of the NKVD #Arkady Rosengoltz - former People's Commissar for Foreign Trade #Vladimir Ivanov - former People's Commissar for the Timber Industry #Mikhail Chernov - former People's Commissar for Agriculture #Grigori Grinko - former People's Commissar for Finance #Isaac Zelensky - former Secretary of the Central Committee #Sergei Bessonov #Akmal Ikramov - Uzbek leader #Faizulla Khodjayev - Uzbek leader #Vasily Sharangovich - former first secretary in Byelorussia #Prokopy Zubarev #Pavel Bulanov - NKVD officer # Lev Levin – Kremlin doctor #Dmitry Pletnev - Kremlin doctor #Ignaty Kazakov - Kremlin doctor #Venyamin Maximov-Dikovsky #Pyotr Kryuchkov They were all proclaimed members of the "right Trotskyist bloc" that intended to overthrow socialism and restore capitalism in Russia, among other things. Meant to be the culmination of previous trials, it now alleged that Bukharin and others committed the following crimes: * murdering Sergey Kirov, Valerian Kuybyshev, State Political Directorate (OGPU) chair Vyacheslav Menzhinsky, and writer Maxim Gorky and his son * unsuccessfully trying to assassinate Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin and Yakov Sverdlov in 1918 * plotting to assassinate Yakov Sverdlov, Vyacheslav Molotov, Lazar Kaganovich, Kliment Voroshilov and Stalin * conspiring to wreck the economy (by sabotaging mines, derailing trains, killing cattle, putting nails and glasses in butter) and the country's military power * Spying for British, French, Japanese, and German intelligence agencies * making secret agreements with Germany and Japan, promising to surrender Belarus, Ukraine, Central Asia and the Russian Far East to foreign powers All of the defendants confessed to these charges during the show trial with a few notable, but limited, exceptions. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Case of the Anti-Soviet "Bloc of Rights and Trotskyites"」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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